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(No Model.)

H. EJSHAFPER. LAMP.

No. 407,969. Patented July 30, 1889.

UNITE STATES ATENT QFFICE.

HENRY E. SHAFFER, OF ROCHESTER, NEl/V YORK.

LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 407,969, dated July 30, 1889.

Application filed July 20, 1888- Serial No. 280,569- (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY E. SHAFFER, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Lamps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the drawings accompany ing this specification.

My improvement relates to center-draft lamps; and it consists of an attachment of peculiar construction inserted in the top of the draft-tube for the purpose of feeding the air to the flame, as will be more fully described.

I11 the drawings, Figure 1 is a central ver tical section of a center-draft lamp, showing the attachment applied in place. Fig. 2 is an enlarged central vertical section of the attachment, looking at right angles to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but showing a modification.

This invention relates to that class of con ter-draft lamps in which a tube is applied in the top of the draft-tube, said tube having a hollow perforated head that extends up into the center of the flame and discharges air at that point to support combustion. Such devices are well known and I do not claim such broadly. My invention consists of such an attachment provided with a hollow head that is enlarged to cover the wick and provided with a central divider, as hereinafter described.

A indicates an ordinary lamp, and B the center-draft tube, which receives air at the bottom and conducts it to the top where it is discharged into the flame.

My improvement is as follows:

C is a tube which forms the attachment. It is open at the bottom and is provided at the top with a hollow cylindrical head C, perforated at the sides to discharge the air into the flame. This head is of such diameter as to project out 0V61 the top of the wick, so that if the wick is raised in contact with it it will abut against the bottom of the head. The head proper is made in a separate piece and seamed to the flange 6, formed on the upper end of the tube C. Inside the head is a divider a, consisting of a thin metallic plate extending from a point in the tube belowthe head up through the head centrally and meeting the top of the head. The tube 0 is provided with Wings or pins 1) Z) and 00, which serve to center it in the draft-tube;

' also with a perforated ring d, which forms an air-distributer in the space between the outside and inside tubes. The lower end of the tube 0 rests on a cross-pin f in the draft-tube, which forms astop to keep the attachment in place and keep it from going too low. A portion of the ascending current of air passes up outside the tubeC and under the flange e and feeds the roots of the flame. Another portion of the air passes up inside the tube G into the hollow head, where it is discharged through the perforations into the body of the flame, thus producing very effective combustion.

The novelty in my invention consists in enlarging the hollow'head C so as to project outward over the top of the wick, by which means the air is carried directly into the flame at its base and is met by the air coming up to the outside of the flame through the outside perforations of the burner. It also causes the flame to deflect out against the outside current of air, the two currents of air at that point being forced into each other, producing perfect combustion at that point. The flame is made of greater diameter, c011- sequently thinner, and is in better condition for the commingling of the air. The sides of the head being vertical and straight and of considerable height, there is a largeair-distributing surface, the air coming out in minute jets and impinging on the thin Wall of flame. This enlarged head also gives greater area for the heating of the air inside. Another feature of novelty is the divider C6 inside the head, which divides the ascending air into two currents, which meet at the top and commingle in opposing forces. It is found in practical use that where the head is entirely open and no divider used the air acquires a circular or gyratory motion and does not feed uniformly through all the perforations. The divider obviates this difficulty by breaking the rotary motion and the eddies acquired by the air in its ascent up the tube and causing it to pass into the head in two separate columns, which meet at the top and neutralize each other. The divider also ICO heats the center of the column of air by making one side of each column hot as it passes up the dividing-plate.

Fig. 3 shows the head as made separate from the tube and having a tubular neck k, which extends down into the tube. This form of the device is best adapted to some kind 'of lamps, as the head can be adjusted higher or lower to be adapted to the flame.

I do not claim, simply and broadly, an airdistributerhaving an enlarged head projecting outward over the wick, as shown in my patent of July 24, 1888, No. 386,758. Neither do I claimthe wick-raising mechanism shown in my pending application, Serial No. 280,57 0; but,

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a lamp, the eombination,with the center-draft tube, of the attachment consisting of the tube 0, the hollow perforated head 0 projecting over the wick, and the divider (1., extending up centrally through the interior of the head, as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a lamp, the combination,with the cen- (er-draft tube, of the attachment consisting of the tube C, the hollow head 0' made separate from the tube and fitted therein, and the divider (1, extending up centrally through the interior of the head, as and for the purpose specified.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY E. SHAFFER.

WVitnesses:

R. F. Oseoon, P. A. CosTicH. 

